ERGONOMIC TIPS FOR THE OFFICE
To increase safety in the workplace, The American
Society of Safety Engineers recommends addressing the following:
A chair should have a five point star base for stability,
an adjustable backrest (angle, height, and depth) that provides lumbar
support and an adjustable seat pan (height, forward and backward, and tilt
angle). If arm rests are provided, they should be padded, adjustable up
and down, in and out and swivel (e.g., like a wrist rest). The edge of
the seat pan should be at least four inches from the soft tissue area behind
the knee.
The top of a computer display screen should be slightly
below eye level (20 degrees).
A document holder that is the same height and distance
from the user as the display screen should be provided when the primary
task is data entry.
A keyboard should be detachable and adjustable to
allow straight/parallel hand-forearm posture. This is often accomplished
using a wrist rest. ASSE experts recommend that the height of the wrist
rest should equal the home row key height and fingers on the home row of
a keyboard should be approximately 0 to + 1.5 inches above the elbow rest
height. The keyboard slope should not be greater than 15 degrees.
The desk or tabletop should allow leg room for posture
adjustments for the seated worker while also providing a 90 degree angle
of the elbow and the work surface. The same is also true regarding the
elbow angle for the sit/stand and the standing user.
For lighting and glare the characters on the computer
screen should be brighter than the screen background. Bright light sources
in the peripheral field of the computer screen should be avoided. The computer
screen should be positioned to avoid glare. By adjusting the window shades
and moving or tilting the terminal can help avoid glare and screen reflections.
For posture the head should be tilted 15 degrees
forward or less to maintain a vertical position. The elbows should be kept
close to the body or supported. The lumbar curve of the back should be
maintained. Feet should never be allowed to dangle and should always be
supported.
Dry eye can occur because people tend to blink less
when viewing monitors. Due to this, fatigue can also set in.
Floor surfaces should be in good condition, carpets
not torn or frayed and be affixed to the floor or have slip resistance
pads underneath them;
Avoid having heated surfaces such as coffee makers,
hot plates and portable heaters in the office as they could trigger a fire;
Have a licensed and bonded electrician inspect the
existing electrical system and upgrade it if necessary to assure the current
protection and load will meet electricity demands;
Develop a fire evacuation plan (such as installing
a ladder as an escape route if your office is on the second floor);
Use a hand held cart when moving heavy boxes;
Move desks closer to power outlets and phone jacks --- or just install new outlets, prohibit smoking and make sure fire extinguishers are acceptable for multiple exposures.